ADHD in Children: A Parental Guide
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition that affects many children worldwide. As a parent, guardian or caregiver, understanding ADHD and how to support your child can make a huge difference in their development and quality of life.
What is ADHD?
This mental health condition is characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning and normal development. Children with ADHD may struggle with paying attention, controlling impulsive behaviors or being rest;ess and interruptive.
Recognizing the symptoms of ADHD in your child is the first step toward getting help. Common signs may include:
Inattention
- Frequently makes careless mistakes in school and activities
- Difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or playtime
- Doesn’t seem to listen when spoken to directly
- Avoids or dislikes tasks that require sustained mental effort
- Often loses things necessary for tasks and activities
Hyperactivity
- Fidgets or taps hands or feet, or squirms in a seat
- Stands or wanders when they should remain seated
- Runs or climbs in situations where it’s disruptive
- Unable to play or engage in activities quietly
- Talks excessively
- Interrupts or intrudes on others
DSM-5 ADHD Criteria for Children
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) outlines specific criteria for diagnosing ADHD in children. According to DSM-5, to be diagnosed with ADHD the child must exhibit the symptoms for at least six months. The patient with ADHD is inconsistent at a developmental level, which can negatively impact social, academic and occupational life.
How do I know if my child has ADHD?
Get a professional assessment. This typically involves several steps, according to the experts at LifeWorks Schools in Pennsylvania.
Initial evaluation
A healthcare provider, such as a pediatrician, child psychologist or psychiatrist, will conduct an initial evaluation, which can include:
- A medical history reviewing family history of ADHD or other conditions
- Parents, teachers, and sometimes the child, will complete standardized behavioral questionnaires to assess ADHD.
- The healthcare provider may observe the child’s behavior in different settings.
Comprehensive assessment
If the initial evaluation suggests ADHD, a more comprehensive assessment may be conducted, which can include:
- Cognitive testing to rule out other mental health issues
- In-depth behavioral analysis of the child’s behavior
- Detailed interviews with parents, teachers, caregivers
Treatment Options to Help a Child with ADHD
Caring for a child with ADHD involves a combination of treatment strategies and supportive parenting techniques, which may include:
Possible medication for ADHD
Medications can be effective in managing ADHD symptoms. The most common types are stimulants, such as methylphenidate (Ritalin) and amphetamines (Adderall). Non-stimulant medications, such as atomoxetine (Strattera), are also available.
Behavioral therapy for ADHD
Behavioral therapy focuses on teaching children skills to manage their symptoms. This can include:
- Interventions to encourage positive behaviors and reduce negative acts
- Helping parents learn effective ways to respond to their child’s behavior.
- Social skills training to show kids how to interact appropriately with peers.
Educational support
Children with ADHD often benefit from special education services and accommodations at school, including:
- Individualized Education Programs (IEP) customized learning plans
- 504 Plans help the student succeed in a traditional classroom setting
How to Parent a Child with ADHD
With the proper mindset, resources and educational strategies, you can help your child thrive at LifeWorks Schools. Try these tips for starters:
- Consistent routines at mealtimes, playtimes and bedtimes
- Clear expectations for rules and compliance
- Praise and motivational rewards for following rules and tasks
- Concise instructions, clearly breaking down each step
- Stress management techniques (yoga, meditation)
Seek ADHD resources and family support
Supporting a child with ADHD is a team effort. Don’t hesitate to seek support from healthcare providers, educators, and support groups. There are multiple resources to help you and your student navigate the challenges of ADHD.
Support groups
Joining a support group for parents of children with ADHD can provide valuable insights, resources and emotional support.
Educational resources
There are many books, websites and organizations dedicated to ADHD that offer practical advice and information.
Professional help
Feeling overwhelmed? Consider seeking help from a mental health professional who specializes in ADHD. They can offer guidance and support tailored to your family’s needs.
With the right approach, you can help the student manage their symptoms and succeed. By understanding the condition and seeking early treatment, you can make a positive impact on your child. And remember, you’re not alone on the journey.
Schedule an intake
To learn more, call 215-489-3028 or complete the online contact form. Once a student has been referred to LifeWorks by the local school district, our admissions staff will call to schedule the child’s clinical intake and school tour. Parents and caregivers are welcome. Staff is available Monday-Friday, 8 a.m.-4 p.m.
We admit students of any race, color, national and ethnic origin to all the rights, privileges, programs and activities generally accorded or made available to students at the school. It does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national and ethnic origin in administration of its educational policies and admissions policies.